Over the years, I have witnessed numerous distressing events unfold around the world, particularly in the Middle East. These include the Iran-Iraq War, the conflicts in Afghanistan, insecurity in Pakistan, instability in Kuwait and Lebanon, the American invasion of Iraq in 2003, and various other wars both in Iran and abroad. Together, these experiences have conveyed a clear message to me: true peace in the Middle East remains elusive. Even when peace is declared, it often lacks genuine substance. Oil, this so-called divine gift, remains a primary source of insecurity. As long as this resource remains central to the region, ongoing crises seem inevitable.

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